Physicochemical Properties, Bioactive Compounds, and Antioxidant Activity of Andean Fruits: Optimization of Extraction by Response Surface Methodology

Autores/as

  • Vicente Amirpasha Tirado-Kulieva Asociación para la Ciencia e Innovación Agraria para la Red Norte - AgroRed Norte. Piura 20009. Perú https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8534-9153
  • Jimy Oblitas Universidad Privada del Norte. Facultad de Ingeniería. Cajamarca 06002. Cajamarca. Perú https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7652-6672
  • Noemí León-Roque Universidad Nacional Pedro Ruiz Gallo. Facultad de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Alimentarias. Lambayeque 14013. Lambayeque. Perú https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5001-1558
  • Wilson Castro Universidad Nacional de Frontera. Facultad de Ingeniería de Industrias Alimentarias y Biotecnología. Sullana 20103. Piura. Perú https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7286-1262

Palabras clave:

bayas andinas, páramo, polifenoles, vitamina C, actividad antioxidante, RSM

Resumen

Native fruits from the Peruvian Andes, such as ushpa (Vaccinium floribundum Kunth) and sachon (Hesperomeles obtusifolia (Pers.) Lindl.), grow in high-altitude environments that favor the accumulation of bioactive compounds. However, limited characterization has restricted their sustainable utilization. This study analyzed the physicochemical properties, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), total anthocyanin content (TAC), vitamin C (VC), and antioxidant activity (AA) of both fruits. It also evaluated the effects of solvent type (ethanol and methanol) and concentration (70% and 80%), and extraction time (60, 90, and 120 minutes) on extraction efficiency using response surface methodology. Both fruits exhibited higher levels of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity compared to other berry species. Optimal conditions for ushpa (64.86% methanol, 139.68 minutes) and for sachon (64.86% ethanol, 90 minutes) yielded TPC = 3,587 and 948 mg GAE/100 g, TFC = 1,821 and 701 mg CE/100 g, TAC = 252 and 8 mg C3G/100 g, and AA = 563 and 501 µmol TE/g, respectively. These findings support further research and potential valorization of these native fruits.

Highlights:

  • Ushpa and sachon are two native Peruvian Andean fruits that have not yet been commercialized.
  • Ushpa, in particular, exhibited an outstanding chemical composition and antioxidant activity compared to commercial berries.
  • The high antioxidant capacity was associated with phenolic richness and adaptation to high-altitude ecosystems.
  • Response surface methodology and the desirability function were applied for multi-response optimization.
  • The results highlight the potential of ushpa and sachon as functional ingredients.

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Citas

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Publicado

23-12-2025

Cómo citar

Tirado-Kulieva, V. A., Oblitas, J., León-Roque, N., & Castro, W. (2025). Physicochemical Properties, Bioactive Compounds, and Antioxidant Activity of Andean Fruits: Optimization of Extraction by Response Surface Methodology. evista e a acultad e iencias grarias NCuyo, XXX-XXX. ecuperado a partir de https://revistas.apps.sid.uncu.edu.ar/ojs3/index.php/RFCA/article/view/9133

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